P9 Intangible assets
| 
 | Patents and other intangible assets | Goodwill | Total | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At January 1, 2020 | 120 | 139 | 259 | 
| Additions | 4 | – | 4 | 
| Divestments and disposals | –40 | – | –40 | 
| Reclassifications | 3 | – | 3 | 
| At December 31, 2020 | 87 | 139 | 226 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Accumulated amortization | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At January 1, 2020 | 88 | 86 | 174 | 
| Divestments and disposals | –22 | – | –22 | 
| Amortization for the year | 8 | 27 | 35 | 
| At December 31, 2020 | 74 | 113 | 187 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Net carrying amount | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At December 31, 2020 | 13 | 26 | 39 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Cost | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At January 1, 2021 | 87 | 139 | 226 | 
| Additions | 667 | – | 667 | 
| At December 31, 2021 | 754 | 139 | 893 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Accumulated amortization | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At January 1, 2021 | 74 | 113 | 187 | 
| Amortization for the year | 95 | 26 | 121 | 
| At December 31, 2021 | 169 | 139 | 308 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Net carrying amount | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| At December 31, 2021 | 585 | 0 | 585 | 
| 
 | 2020 | 2021 | 
|---|---|---|
| Administrative expenses | –35 | –32 | 
| Research and development costs | – | –89 | 
| Total | –35 | –121 | 
Accounting principles
Intangible assets
The Parent Company recognizes all expenditure for research and development conducted on a proprietary basis as an expense in profit or loss.
Amortization of intangible assets
Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are amortized from the date they are available to use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
- Patents 10–20 years
- Goodwill 10 years
Borrowing costs
In the Parent Company, borrowing costs are expensed in the periods to which they relate. Borrowing costs for assets are not capitalized.